The values of the components of a vector are different in the different coordinate systems of the same domain, but the vectors have the same length and direction in each such coordinate system. Such Coordinate System Transformations have the property that they retain vectors. We can use Coordinate System Transformations to convert between cartesian and geodetic coordinates in the same domain. The App on this page does all calculations in Globe and Flat Earth cartesian coordinates. GPS does all calculations internally in Earth Centered Earth Fixed (ECEF) cartesian (X,Y,Z) coordinates and only transforms this coordinates into (Lat,Long,Elev) as the last step for our convenience. Calculating Speed and Acceleration from GPS data can be done using simple vector geometry, if we have cartesian (X,Y,Z) corrdinates for every location instead of geodetic (Lat/Long/Alt) coordinates.
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